Which of the following refers to a financial document that guides investment decisions based on goals and strategies?

The correct choice, which refers to a financial document guiding investment decisions, is the Investment Policy Statement. This document serves as a comprehensive framework for an investor’s objectives and strategies, defining the goals, risk tolerance, investment strategy, and performance benchmarks. It acts as a roadmap for making informed investment choices and can help ensure that the investment approach remains aligned with the individual's or institution's financial goals over time.

The Investment Policy Statement is essential for providing clarity and consistency in investment management, particularly for institutional investors or those working with financial advisors. By documenting specific strategies and guidelines, it helps in making disciplined decisions and evaluating the success of the investment portfolio against predefined criteria.

In contrast, a capital market definition refers to a broader concept regarding the market where financial instruments are traded, without specifics regarding individual investment strategies. An asset bubble explanation deals with market phenomena where asset prices inflate beyond their intrinsic value, focusing on market dynamics rather than personal investment guidance. Yield curve analysis involves understanding the relationship between interest rates and different maturities of debt securities, which is more about market trends than personal investment policy. Thus, the Investment Policy Statement is the most relevant option as it specifically addresses how to make investment decisions aligned with individual goals.